Yakuniy mashq: Sinf reytingi

Bu bo'limda siz uchta tartiblash algoritmini o'rgandingiz: Bubble Sort, Selection Sort va Insertion Sort. Ularning barchasi O(n²) murakkablikka ega, lekin har birining o'ziga xos kuchli tomoni bor.

Endi bu bilimlarni amaliy masalada qo'llaymiz. Real loyihalarda tartiblash eng ko'p ishlatiladigan operatsiyalardan biri — reytinglar, jadvallar, hisobotlar — barchasi tartiblashga asoslangan.

Masala: O'quvchilarning ismi va ballini olib, ularni ball bo'yicha kamayish tartibida (eng yuqori ball birinchi) reytingda joylashtirish kerak.

Masalan, kiritilgan ma'lumot:

Ali 85
Vali 92
Soli 78
Kamol 88

Natija:

1. Vali: 92
2. Kamol: 88
3. Ali: 85
4. Soli: 78

Yondashuvlar:

Bu masalani turli usullarda yechish mumkin. Eng oddiy usul — Python ning sort() funksiyasidan foydalanish:

talabalar = [("Ali", 85), ("Vali", 92), ("Soli", 78), ("Kamol", 88)]

# Ball bo'yicha kamayish tartibida tartiblash
talabalar.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)

for i, (ism, ball) in enumerate(talabalar):
    print(f"{i+1}. {ism}: {ball}")

Lekin siz o'rgangan algoritmlardan birini ham ishlatishingiz mumkin. Masalan, Selection Sort bilan:

talabalar = [("Ali", 85), ("Vali", 92), ("Soli", 78), ("Kamol", 88)]

# Selection Sort — eng katta ballni topib joylashtirish
for i in range(len(talabalar)):
    max_idx = i
    for j in range(i + 1, len(talabalar)):
        if talabalar[j][1] > talabalar[max_idx][1]:
            max_idx = j
    talabalar[i], talabalar[max_idx] = talabalar[max_idx], talabalar[i]

for i, (ism, ball) in enumerate(talabalar):
    print(f"{i+1}. {ism}: {ball}")

E'tibor bering: biz > dan foydalandik (< o'rniga), chunki kamayish tartibida tartiblapaymiz.

Tuple'lar bilan ishlash:

Bu masalada ma'lumotni tuple (ball, ism) shaklida saqlasak, tartiblash yanada osonlashadi — chunki Python tuple'larni birinchi elementiga qarab tartiblaydi:

talabalar = [(85, "Ali"), (92, "Vali"), (78, "Soli"), (88, "Kamol")]
talabalar.sort(reverse=True)  # ball bo'yicha kamayish tartibida

Vazifa

Sinf reytingi tuzish

Dastur yozing:

1. Har qatorda o'quvchining ismi va ballini kiriting (masalan: Ali 85)
2. Ball bo'yicha kamayish tartibida tartiblang
3. Format: "1. Ism: Ball" shaklida chiqaring